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SVO to 不定詞

目的語の後に to 不定詞をとる動詞は3種類ある。

(1)
a. I forced John to clean his room.
b. I wanted John to clean his room.
c. I believed John to have cleaned his room.

疑似分裂文は

(2)
a. *What I forced was for John to clean his room.
b. What I wanted was for John to clean his room.
c. *What I believed was for John to have cleaned his room.

(1b) のみ文法的である。また補文を受動態にするともとの能動態と同じ意味になるのは

(3)
a. *I forced his room to be cleaned by John.
b. I wanted his room to be cleaned by John.
c. I believed his room to have been cleaned by John.

(1c) のみ、補文の能動文と受動文は意味が同じで、他は異なるか、非文になる場合もある。最後の目的語に for がつくかどうかをみると

(4)
a. *I forced very much for John to clean his room.
b. I wanted very much for John to clean his room.
c. *I believed very much for John to have cleaned his room.

(1b) のみが文法的となる。このため (1a) の補文は目的語と CP をとり、 (1b) は CP をとり for 削除が起きる場合がると考え、 (1c) は IP をとる動詞であると考えられてきた。 (1b) は昔 Equi 動詞として分析されていた。
SVO to 不定詞_b0356108_03491572.jpg

by miyakmae | 2017-10-07 08:53 | 言語 | Comments(0)

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